Abstract
Fluid pressurization of critically stressed sheared zones can trigger
slip mechanisms at work in many geological processes. Using discrete
element modeling, we simulate pore-pressure-step creep test experiments
on a sheared granular layer under a sub-critical stress state to
investigate the micromechanical processes at stake during fluid induced
reactivation. The global response is consistent with available
experiments and confirms the scale independent nature of fluid induced
slip. The progressive increase of pore pressure promotes slow steady
creep at sub-critical stress states, and fast accelerated dynamic slip
once the critical strength is overcome. Our multi-scale analyses show
that these two emergent behaviors correlate to characteristic
deformation modes: diffuse deformation during creep, and highly
localized deformation during rupture. Creep corresponds to bulk
deformation while rupture results from grain rotations initiating from
overpressure induced unlocking of contacts located within the shear band
which, consequently, acts as a roller bearing for the surrounding bulk.