MANAGEMENT OF WATER SCARCITY IN ARID AREAS. Study case: Ziz watershed
the way forward
Abstract
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development aims to reach 17 Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs). The 6th goal (SDGs (6) deals with water
security, which refers mainly to water use effi-ciency and water stress.
Indeed, water security plays an important role in water-food-energy
nexus. This work aims to enhance dam performance under climate change to
overcome water scarcity. The study is conducted through the
multiobjective Hassan Addakhil dam in Morocco. The novelty of this work
is providing hourly precipitation and evaporation data through temporal
downscaling and developing a real-time dam management tool. The
real-time dam management algorithm is based on a water balance equation
and rule curves. The model is coupled with the Hydrologic Modeling
System (HEC-HMS). This tool provides information about (i) dam storage,
(ii) dam re-lease, (iii) dam evaporation, (iv) dam diversion, (v)
spilled water volume, (vi) emergency spilled water volume, (vii) dam
inflow, (viii) irrigation demand, (ix) irrigation shortage, (x) dam
siltation, (xi) dam hydropower production, (xii) hydropower energy
income. The result shows that real-time management can enhance dam
management. In this sense, the dam reliability and resilience have
increased respectively from 40% to 70% and from 16% to 66%. Besides,
the vulnerability re-mained constant.