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Restoring pre-industrial CO2 levels while achieving Sustainable Development Goals
  • +11
  • Mark E Capron,
  • Jim R. Stewart,
  • Antoine de Ramon N'Yeurt,
  • Michael D. Chambers,
  • Jang K. Kim,
  • Charles Yarish,
  • Anthony T. Jones,
  • Reginald B. Blaylock,
  • Scott C. James,
  • Rae Fuhrman,
  • Martin T. Sherman,
  • Don Piper,
  • Graham Harris,
  • Mohammed A. Hasan
Mark E Capron
OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Jim R. Stewart
OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters
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Antoine de Ramon N'Yeurt
The University of the South Pacific, The University of the South Pacific, The University of the South Pacific, The University of the South Pacific
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Michael D. Chambers
University of New Hampshire, Durham, University of New Hampshire, Durham, University of New Hampshire, Durham, University of New Hampshire, Durham
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Jang K. Kim
Incheon National University, Incheon National University, Incheon National University, Incheon National University
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Charles Yarish
University of Connecticut, University of Connecticut, University of Connecticut, University of Connecticut
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Anthony T. Jones
Intake Works, Intake Works, Intake Works, Intake Works
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Reginald B. Blaylock
University of Southern Mississippi, University of Southern Mississippi, University of Southern Mississippi, University of Southern Mississippi
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Scott C. James
Baylor University, Baylor University, Baylor University, Baylor University
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Rae Fuhrman
Stingray Sensing, Stingray Sensing, Stingray Sensing, Stingray Sensing
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Martin T. Sherman
OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters
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Don Piper
OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters
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Graham Harris
OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters
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Mohammed A. Hasan
OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters, OceanForesters
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Abstract

Unless humanity achieves United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 and restores the relatively stable climate of pre-industrial CO2 levels (as early as 2110), species extinctions, starvation, drought/floods, and violence will exacerbate mass migrations. This paper presents conceptual designs and techno-economic analyses to calculate sustainable limits for growing high-protein seafood and macroalgae-for-biofuel. We review the availability of wet solid waste and outline the mass balance of carbon and plant nutrients passing through a hydrothermal liquefaction process. The paper reviews the availability of dry solid waste and dry biomass for bioenergy with CO2 capture and storage (BECCS) while generating Allam Cycle electricity. Sufficient wet-waste biomass supports quickly building hydrothermal liquefaction facilities. Macroalgae-for-biofuel technology can be developed and straightforwardly implemented on SDG-achieving high protein seafood infrastructure.). The analyses indicate a potential for (1) 0.5 billion tonnes/yr of seafood; (2) 20 million barrels/day of biofuel from solid waste; (3) more biocrude oil from macroalgae than current fossil oil; and (4) sequestration of 28 to 38 billion tonnes/yr of bio-CO2. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) costs are between 25−33% of those for BECCS with pre-2019 technology or the projected cost of air-capture CDR.
22 Sep 2020Published in Energies volume 13 issue 18 on pages 4972. 10.3390/en13184972