Caprock assemblages associated with salt bodies typically consist of a vertically zoned sequence in ascending order: anhydrite directly above the salt body, a transitional gypsum zone, and occasionally a complex zone of limestone and/or dolomite. Caprock forms when the upper part of a rising diapir is exposed to a crossflow of NaCl-undersaturated water, causing halite to dissolve and the less soluble components, largely anhydrite (CaSO4) and to a lesser extent gypsum (CaSO4•2H2O), to accrete via underplating to the base of the previously formed caprock. If hydrocarbons are present, the CaSO4 minerals are replaced by carbonate minerals in a process mediated by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Previous descriptions of carbonate caprock recognize only two general fabric types: an upper variegated limestone and a lower banded zone that comprises carbonate and sulfate lithologies. Utilizing new facies mapping and petrographic analysis of outcropping caprock from three different salt basins, Paradox Basin and Gulf Coast Region, USA and Flinders Ranges, South Australia, we recognize a wider variety of fabrics and mineralogies. This variety is owed to the location of caprock at the salt-sediment interface, where it is highly prone to substantial chemical and mechanical alteration, resulting in diagenetic textural overprints of precursor caprock fabrics. We propose a new classification based on fabric types in order to facilitate a discussion and interpretation of caprock lithologies in an organized and effective manner. The development of a comprehensive classification is the first step toward deciphering the complex diagenetic processes involved in caprock formation. Understanding the genetic history of caprock fabrics will allow for better identification and prediction of the distribution of caprock mineralogies and fabrics. Our proposed new classification scheme is based on the recognition of four distinct megascopic fabrics: 1) Massive: homogeneous, with micro-to-coarsely crystalline subdivisions; 2) Layered: subdivisions based on thickness of laminae include micro-laminated, laminated, and banded; 3) Brecciated: subdivided into mosaic and disorganized, dictated by clast orientation and volume variations in inter-clast matrix or cement; and 4) Porphyritic: comprising two distinct crystal sizes. These fabrics are not restricted to any one mineralogy (i.e. are found within anhydrite, gypsum and carbonate caprock) and commonly comprise more than one fabric type (e.g. the brecciated clasts of a carbonate caprock can display a layered or massive fabric). To address this issue, the dominant mineralogy and subordinate fabric types is attached to the overall fabric name as prefix-type modifiers (e.g. massive brecciated dolomite caprock). Silicification, carbonate and silica pseudomorphs after gypsum and anhydrite, localized isoclinal folds, secondary dissolution and recrystallization porosity, as well as dead oil are common features found within all fabric types.